• [Wiki] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiscalus_quiscula.
• [AnAge] https://genomics.senescence.info/species/entry.php?species=Quiscalus_quiscula.
• [avibase] https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=8BBB3255C6B7EE91&sec=lifehistory.
• [Kooy2010] Kooijman, S. (2010). Dynamic Energy Budget theory for metabolic organisation. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.
• [PeerBoll1997] Peer, B. D. and Bollinger, E. K. (1997). Explanations for the infrequent cowbird parasitism on common grackles. Condor, 99(1):151--161.
• [PeerBoll2020] Peer, B. D. and Bollinger, E. K. (2020). Common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula), version 1.0. in birds of the world (a. f. poole and f. b. gill, editors). cornell lab of ornithology, ithaca, ny, usa. doi:10.2173/bow.comgra.01.
• [PrinPres1991] Prinzinger, R., A.Preßmar, and Schleucher, E. (1991). Body temperature in birds. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 99A(4):499--506. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(91)90122-S.