• [Wiki] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syngnathus_fuscus.
• [fishbase] http://www.fishbase.se/summary/Syngnathus-fuscus.html.
• [CampAble1998] Campbell, B. C. and Able, K. W. (1998). Life history characteristics of the northern pipefish, Syngnathus fuscus, in southern New Jersey. Estuaries, 21(3):470--475. doi:10.2307/1352845.
• [Kooy2010] Kooijman, S. (2010). Dynamic Energy Budget theory for metabolic organisation. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.